AfCFTA: Abagore n’urubyiruko basabwe kubyaza umusaruro isoko ry’Afurika

Mu gihe u Rwanda rushaka kongera ubushobozi bw’urubyiruko n’abagore kugira ngo babashe gukoresha amahirwe atangwa n’isoko ry’Afurika, cyane cyane  ubucuruzi bwa serivisi, igihugu kikaba gikomeje gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano ashyiraho African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).

Ni muri urwo rwego ku wa 13 Kanama  2026, i Kigali habereye amahugurwa agamije kongerera SMEs, urubyiruko n’abagore ubumenyi ku bijyanye na Protocol ya AfCFTA ku bucuruzi bwa serivisi.

Aya mahugurwa yahurije hamwe abahagarariye inzego za Leta, abikorera ndetse n’abakora mu nzego zitandukanye zitanga serivisi.

Urubyiruko n’abagore basabwe kutarebera kure AfCFTA

AfCFTA, ubusanzwe ihuza ibihugu 54 bigize Umuryango wa Afurika  yunze Ubumwe, ikanaba isoko rishobora kugera ku bantu miliyari1.4 ndetse n’ubukungu buhurijwe  hamwe bugera hafi kuri miliyari 3.4 z’amadolari.

Ku ruhande rw’u  Rwanda, iri soko rifatwa nk’amahirwe yo kwagura ubucuruzi, kongera ishoramari no kongera ubushobozi bw’ibigo by’Abanyarwanda mu guhangana ku masoko yo muri Afurika no hanze yayo.

Gusa, kugira ngo ayo mahirwe agere ku bantu benshi, by’umwihariko abagore n’urubyiruko, haracyari imbogamizi zirimo kubona igishoro cyo gutangiza, kubona amakuru ahagije ku masoko ndetse no kutagira uruhare ruhagije mu biganiro n’inzego zifata ibyemezo.

Muri gahunda yo gukemura bimwe muri ibyo bibazo, abateguye amahugurwa bagaragaje ko abagore n’urubyiruko ari bamwe mu bafite uruhare rukomeye mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya AfCFTA, ariko ko hagikenewe kubongerera ubumenyi n’ibikoresho bishobora kubafasha kwinjira ku masoko yo ku mugabane wa Afurika.

Ku bijyanye n’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, bamwe mu bagore bavuga ko bagize igice kinini cy’abakora ubwo bucuruzi mu buryo butagutse, bityo bakavuga ko kongera ubumenyi bwa bo byatuma babona amahirwe ya AfCFTA byafatwa nk’inzira nziza yabafasha kwagura ubucuruzi bwa bo, ndetse bakabukora mu buryo bwemewe.

Amahugurwa y’ibanze ku bucuruzi bwa serivisi

Abitabiriye aya mahugurwa basobanukiwe Protocol ya AfCFTA ku bucuruzi bwa serivisi, uburyo bwo kubona amasoko, amategeko n’amabwiriza agenga ubucuruzi bwa serivisi ndetse n’uburyo ikoranabuhanga rishobora gufasha abacuruzi kwagura ibikorwa byabo.

Hanibanzwe kuri Four Modes of Supply, inzira y’ingenzi ikoreshwa mu gutanga serivisi mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga, ndetse ikanagira uruhare mu kubona ibikoresho by’ ikoranabuhanga bishobora koroshya ubucuruzi.

Abitabiriye aya mahugurwa kandi bahawe ubumenyi ku bikoresho bishobora kubafasha mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, birimo AfCFTA Digital Hub, uburyo bwo kwishyurana hakoreshejwe PAPSS, ndetse n’uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru ku mbogamizi bahura nazo yaba mu misoro ishobora kubangamira ubucuruzi.

Ibi bikaba byitezweho gufasha ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse kumenya ibisabwa n’uko byakurikiza amategeko, kunguka amasoko mashya n’uburyo byajya ku rutonde rw’ubucuruzi ku rwego rw’Afurika.

Serivisi zitandukanye zashyizwe hamwe

Amahugurwa yahuje abahagarariye inzego zitandukanye, zirimo ubwikorezi, ubukerarugendo, ikoranabuhanga, e-commerce, amabanki, uburezi, ubwubatsi, itangazamakuru, ubucuruzi buvana cyagwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa ku mipaka, serivisi z’amategeko.

Hari hari kandi abari bahagarariye inzego za Leta zirimo Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi n’Inganda, ikigo cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro, Rwanda Development Board ndetse n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare.

Ihuriro ry’aba bantu bari bagamije kureba no kumva ibibazo biri mu bucuruzi bwa serivisi, mu rwego rwo  kureba uburyo haboneka umuti urambye wafasha cyane cyane ibigo by’urubyiruko n’abagore kugera ku isoko ry’Afurika.

U Rwanda rushaka ko politiki itagira uwo isiga inyuma

Mu kiganiro cyahuje abahagarariye Leta, abikorera n’abanyemari bato, hibanzwe ku buryo politiki y’ubucuruzi ishobora kuvugururwa ikajyana na AfCFTA, ibyo bikaba byarushaho kwita ku byifuzo by’urubyiruko n’abagore.

Abitabiriye basabwe kandi gusangira imbogamizi bahura na zo mu gushaka amasoko yo hanze, kubona ibisabwa n’amategeko ndetse no kwagura ibikorwa byabo mu bindi bihugu bya Afurika.

Abateguye aya mahugurwa bavuga ko intego atari ugutanga ubumenyi gusa, ahubwo ko ari ukubongerera ubushobozi buzabafasha mu gihe bazagerageza gukoresha ayo mahirwe.

Gukorera aya mahugurwa i Kigali bikaba bifatwa nk’igikorwa gikomeye kandi gihuye n’umurongo u Rwanda rumaze igihe rufite wo gushyigikira ubucuruzi bwo ku rwego rw’akarere.

Abateguye aya mahugurwa bavuze ko u Rwanda rufite amahirwe yo kuba ihuriro ry’ubucuruzi no korohereza ubucuruzi. Ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga ndetse na gahunda z’igihugu zigamije guteza imbere abagore n’urubyiruko.