RDC ishaka ubufasha bwa Amerika mu kibazo cy’umutekano

Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo isa n’aho ishaka kugana Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kugira ngo ibone ubufasha mu ntambara iri kurwana n’inyeshyamba za M23, zikomeje kwigarurira uduce twinshi tw’igihugu.

Nyuma yo kubona uko ubutegetsi bwa Donald Trump bushishikariye gushimangira ubucuruzi – bugendera ku masezerano ashingiye ku mabuye y’agaciro hagati ya Ukraine na Amerika – Kongo, igihugu gikungahaye ku mutungo kamere, yizeye ko ishobora kugirana amasezerano yayo bwite na Washington (ubutegetsi bwa Amerika).

Hari kandi amakuru avuga ko Trump agiye kugena sebukwe w’umukobwa we Tiffany mu mirimo ikomeye mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.

Umuvugizi wa Leta ya Kongo, Patrick Muyaya, yabitangaje mu kiganiro Newsday cya BBC ko igihugu cye gishaka kwegera Amerika kikayiha “amabuye y’agaciro”.

Kuki ubu havugwa iby’amasezerano? DRC iri mu bibazo by’intambara.

Inyeshyamba za M23 zishyigikiwe n’igihugu cy’abaturanyi, u Rwanda, zimaze kwigarurira uduce twinshi two mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu, ahantu hakungahaye ku mabuye y’agaciro menshi. Ariko u Rwanda rwakomeje guhakana ko rushyigikiye M23.

Ingabo z’akarere – zahereye ku z’Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EACRF), nyuma zisimbuzwa n’iz’Umuryango wa Afurika y’Amajyepfo (SADC) – zoherejwe ngo zifashe Leta ya Kongo, ariko zirananirwa guhagarika inyeshyamba.

Ubu M23 ivuga ko ishaka gukomeza gusatira igana mu burengerazuba kugira ngo ifate umurwa mukuru i Kinshasa.

Ku wa 22 Gashyantare, Tshisekedi yagiranye ikiganiro n’ikinyamakuru The New York Times, avuga ko ubutegetsi bwa Trump bwagaragaje ubushake bwo kugirana amasezerano ashingiye ku mabuye y’agaciro.

Umunsi umwe mbere y’aho, ishyirahamwe Africa-USA Business Council ryandikiye Umunyamabanga wa Leta wa Amerika ushinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga, Marco Rubio, risaba ko hashyirwaho amasezerano “ajyanye n’ubufatanye mu bukungu no mu bya gisirikare” hagati ya Amerika na Kongo.

Amerika yo ibona gute aya masezerano?

DRC ifite amabuye y’agaciro abarirwa muri miliyari 25.000 z’amadolari ya Amerika ataracukurwa – harimo cobalt, zahabu n’umuringa.

Ni cyo gihugu cya mbere ku isi gikungahaye kuri cobalt, ikenerwa cyane mu buhanga bugezweho, cyane cyane mu gukora bateri z’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi – ariko hafi ya cobalt yose icukurwa muri Kongo ijyanwa mu Bushinwa.

DRC ifite kandi lithium, tantalum na uranium, nayo ikenerwa cyane mu bya gisirikare.

Nubwo Amerika ishoramo amafaranga menshi mu bikorwa remezo – nk’umuhanda wa Lobito uhuza Afurika yo hagati n’icyambu cya Angola – ibigo byayo by’ubucukuzi ntibifite uruhare rukomeye mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro muri Kongo.

Mu gihe Ubushinwa bwigaruriye urwego rw’ubucukuzi muri Kongo, bishobora guteza “impaka zikomeye ku bijyanye n’imbaraga z’ibihugu bikomeye bihatanira umutungo wa Afurika”, nk’uko bivugwa mu ibaruwa yandikiwe Marco Rubio.

Mu nyandiko Kongo yatanze, ivuga ko ishobora guha ibigo by’Abanyamerika amasezerano meza yo gucukura amabuye y’agaciro.

Ariko nk’uko umuhanga mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro Gregory Mthembu-Salter abivuga, Amerika ishingira kuri kompanyi z’abikorera ku giti cyabo, bitandukanye n’Ubushinwa. Ibyo bishobora gutuma ayo masosiyete abona ko gukorera muri Kongo bishobora gutera igihombo.

Ariko ibi byose ni ibyibazwa kuko umuvugizi wa Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ya Amerika yagize ati: “ Nta cyo shobora gutangaza muri iki gihe.”

Nubwo bimeze bityo, Amerika “yiteguye kuganira ku bufatanye muri uru rwego” hashingiwe ku itegeko ryashyizweho n’umukuru w’igihugu rigamije kugira Amerika igihugu kiyoboye ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro adasanzwe atari peteroli gusa.

Kimwe mu byo Kongo ishobora kungukiramo ni “ugushimangira ubufatanye mu bya gisirikare”, nk’uko bivugwa mu ibaruwa yandikiwe Marco Rubio.

Muri byo harimo:

Gutoza no gutera inkunga ingabo za Kongo kugira ngo zirinde inzira zikoreshwa mu kugeza amabuye y’agaciro ku masoko;

Guha Amerika uburenganzira bwo gukoresha ibirindiro bya gisirikare byo muri Kongo kugira ngo irinde umutungo w’igihugu;

Kunyomoza ubutumwa bwa LONI bw’amahoro busa n’ubutagize icyo bumaze, bugasimburwa n’ubufatanye bwihariye hagati ya Amerika na Kongo mu bijyanye n’umutekano.

Umuvugizi wa Leta ya Kongo yanze kwemeza ibi, ariko hari impungenge ku buryo ibi byashyirwa mu bikorwa ndetse n’inyungu byazazanira igihugu.

Nk’uko Stephanie Wolters, umuhanga muri South African Institute of International Affairs abivuga, niba Kinshasa ishaka ko igisirikare cya Amerika kigera mu burasirazuba, “bishobora kutazashoboka”.

Yongeyeho ati: “ Ibikoresho bya gisirikare n’amahugurwa bisaba igihe kirekire”, ashimangira ko ubufasha Amerika yatanga butari igisubizo cyihutirwa ku bibazo biri mu burasirazuba bwa Kongo.

Umuhanga mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, Jean-Pierre Okenda, avuga ko amasezerano nk’aya akwiye kugenzurwa, inama nshingamategeko ndetse n’imiryango itari iya leta ikabigiramo uruhare kugira ngo harebwe niba azagirira abaturage akamaro.

Mu gihe Muyaya adasobanura neza ibizakurikiraho, yabwiye BBC i Kinshasa ati:“ Mu minsi iri imbere dushobora gutanga ibisobanuro birambuye.”

Akomeza agira ati: “ [Tshisekedi] afite ubushake bwa politiki kandi ndatekereza ko Amerika ifite inyungu mu bibazo biri muri aka karere.”

Ku ruhande rwa Amerika, nk’uko bivugwa na Semafor, Perezida Trump agiye gutangaza Massad Boulos nk’intumwa ye nshya mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari.

Ni se wa Michael Boulos washatse umukobwa wa Trump, Tiffany, akaba yari umuhanuzi mukuru wa Trump ku bibazo by’Abarabu n’Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati kuva mu Ukuboza umwaka ushize.

Boulos afite isosiyete ikwirakwiza imodoka n’ibikoresho mu Burengerazuba bwa Afurika, kandi biteganyijwe ko azajya i Kinshasa mu byumweru biri imbere.