Iterambere ry’Ubuhinzi bw’Ibijumba mu Rwanda: Umuti ku Mirire Mibi n’Ubukungu bw’Abahinzi
Kuri uyu wa 28 Ungushyingo Ikigali habaye inama yagarutse ku kamaro k’ibijumba mu mirire myiza, by’umwihariko mu kugabanya imirire mibi no guteza imbere ubukungu bw’abahinzi. Bashimangiye ko imbuto zifite ireme n’ubufatanye hagati y’inzego zose ari ingenzi mu kongera umusaruro no guteza imbere ubuhinzi bufite agaciro ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Umulisa Allen ni umuyobozi ndetse akaba n’umwe mu bashinze ikigo RGS (Rai Green Stalks Ltd), cyibanda ku buhinzi bw’ibihingwa bitandukanye birimo ibishyimbo by’Abafaransa, chili, avoka, n’imbuto zifite umwihariko ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Umulisa yavuze ku iterambere ry’urwego rw’agaciro mu buhinzi, by’umwihariko mu bijyanye n’ibirayi, cyane cyane ibijumba. Yagaragaje ibibazo byagiye bigaragara mu buhinzi bw’ibijumbu mu bihe byashize, ati: “Twahuye n’ibibazo byinshi mu buhinzi bw’ibijumba, by’umwihariko umwaka ushize habaye ikibazo cy’umusaruro muto. Hariho ikibazo gikomeye cy’uko nta mbuto nziza twari dufite, ariko ubu turishimye cyane kuba dufite abafatanyabikorwa nka RAB (Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board) n’amashyirahamwe atandukanye tugiye gukorana.”
Yakomeje avuga ku bushake n’umurava w’abahinzi n’abashoramari mu guteza imbere ubuhinzi bw’ibijumba mu Rwanda, agira ati:” Mw’izina ry’abahinzi n’abashoramari bava mu mahanga, turishimira cyane intambwe imaze guterwa. Dufite ishyirahamwe ryibanda ku buhinzi bw’ibijumba, cyane cyane ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu. Twishimiye kandi kuba dufite amahirwe yo kugira amoko atandukanye y’imbuto, ndetse abahinzi bacu bafite ubumenyi buhagije ku bwoko bw’ibijumba bukenewe ku isoko no ku byo isoko risaba.”
Umulisa yasobanuye ko iyi gahunda izafasha kunoza ubuhinzi bw’ibijumba no guteza imbere ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi ku isoko mpuzamahanga, akomeza agira ati:” Nishimiye cyane gahunda yo gutangira guhinga ibijumba byiza mu Rwanda, hagamijwe guhaza isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu no gutanga umusaruro mwiza. Guhinga ibijumba mu buryo bugezweho bizadufasha kumenya neza ko dushoboye guhaza isoko kandi tukabona umusaruro ufite ireme.”
Laban Ahija, ukorera muri International Sweet Potatoes Center, yavuze ku ruhare rw’uyu muryango mu guhindura ubuhinzi muri Afurika hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga. Yagaragaje ko hari intambwe ikomeye imaze guterwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa iyi gahunda.
Yagize ati: “Nishimye cyane uyu munsi kubera intambwe twateye mu kwemeza iyi gahunda, ndetse no mu mikoranire myiza n’abafatanyabikorwa. Urugero ni mu Rwanda aho dukorana na RAB (Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board ). Biragaragara ko n’ibindi bihugu biri gukora cyane mu gushyira mu bikorwa uyu mushinga wibanda ku iterambere ry’ibihingwa by’ibijumba.”
Ahija yibukije akamaro k’ibijumba n’ibirayi, avuga ko nubwo bigaragara nk’ibicuruzwa byinjiza amafaranga make, bifite agaciro kadasanzwe mu buzima bw’abantu. Yagize ati:“Ibijumba kimwe n’ibirayi bifite inyungu zidasanzwe. Nubwo bikunze kwinjiza amafaranga make ku isoko, bifite akamaro kanini, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no kongera intungamubiri mu mirire. Urugero, ibijumba bikungahaye kuri karotene itanga Vitamini A, ikaba ingenzi cyane mu kongera ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, cyane cyane ku babyeyi bonsa abana.”
Yakomeje agira ati: “Abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu babona intungamubiri zikenerwa cyane ku mikurire y’ubwonko bwabo binyuze mu bijumba. Nubwo dukunze kuvuga ko ibijumba ari ibiribwa bidafite agaciro mu buzima bwa muntu, si byo. Ahubwo, ni ibihingwa bifite agaciro gakomeye mu mirire, nubwo kenshi byitwa ibicuruzwa byinjiza amafaranga make ku isoko.”
Ahija yasoje ashimangira ko ibikorwa byo gushyigikira imishinga mpuzamahanga, birimo n’iterambere ry’ubuhinzi n’ubushakashatsi ku birayi n’ibijumba, bikwiye kwitabwaho no guhabwa ubushobozi bwo kwaguka binyuze mu bufatanye bw’ibihugu bitandukanye.
Rwandanga August, umugenzuzi w’ubuhinzi mu Karere ka Rubavu, yavuze ko kugira ngo umusaruro w’ibijumba wiyongere, hagomba gushyirwa imbaraga mu bufatanye n’abahinzi, by’umwihariko abashinzwe gutubura imbuto z’ibijumba.
Ati: “Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw’imbuto nziza y’ibijumba, nka Kambode, buzwiho gutanga umusaruro mwiza. Abahinzi barayikunda cyane, kandi igenda ikwirakwira mu Karere ka Rubavu. By’umwihariko, ibijumba by’umuhondo bikungahaye kuri Vitamini A, ifasha mu mikurire y’abana.”
Yongeyeho ko Akarere ka Rubavu gafite ibibazo by’imirire mibi y’abana, bityo ibijumba by’umuhondo bigira uruhare rukomeye mu kuyigabanya. Ati:“Ibijumba bidufasha kugabanya imirire mibi mu karere. Tugomba kubiha agaciro gakomeye, nubwo imbogamizi zitabura.”
Yagarutse ku mbogamizi zihari, akomeza agira ati: “Imbogamizi zihari ni uko imbuto nziza zitari zakwirakwira hose, kuko abahinzi benshi bagikoresha imbuto basanzwe bafite. Ariko tuzafatanya n’abafatanyabikorwa kugira ngo abatubuzi b’imbuto babone ubushobozi bwo gutubura imbuto nyinshi, ku buryo zigera ku bahinzi benshi.”
Rwandanga yasoje avuga ko ibijumba by’umuhondo bikwiye kwitabwaho cyane, kuko bigira intungamubiri nyinshi zifasha mu kurwanya imirire mibi no gukemura ibibazo by’ubuzima. Yasobanuye ko imbuto nshya zitegerejweho kuzamura umusaruro w’ibijumba mu buryo bufatika.
Jean Claude Shimiyimana, umuhanga wungirije mu by’ubushakashatsi, yakoze uruzinduko rw’akazi ku Kibuga cy’Indege Mpuzamahanga i Londres. Muri urwo ruzinduko, yagaragaje amashusho yerekana ibijumba, Muppets, hamwe n’inyandiko isobanura ibikorwa byibanda ku bijumba no ku mikoranire y’abafatanyabikorwa mu rwego rwo kongera agaciro k’ibikomoka ku buhinzi.
Shimiyimana yasobanuye ko ibibazo bihari mu iterambere ry’ubuhinzi bigomba gukemurwa binyuze muri CIP (Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Bihingwa), gikorana n’amashyirahamwe mpuzamahanga mu rwego rwa CGR (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research). Yavuze ko intego nyamukuru ari ugufasha abahinzi kubona imbuto nziza n’uburyo bwo kongera umusaruro.
Yongeyeho ati: “Ibijumba biryoshye kandi bikungahaye kuri Vitamini A. Twakoranye neza n’uturere twose tw’u Rwanda ndetse n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi ku rwego rw’igihugu, kugira ngo dutange ubwoko bw’ibijumba bufite ubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro mwiza kandi bushobora guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.”
Yakomeje avuga ko gahunda zo kongera umusaruro w’ibijumba zishingiye ku ngamba zihamye, harimo gushyira hamwe abafatanyabikorwa bo mu rwego mpuzamahanga n’ab’imbere mu gihugu. Yashimangiye ko hari akamaro kanini mu guhuza ubushakashatsi n’ibikorwa, ndetse ko ibijumba bikungahaye ku ntungamubiri ari umusingi w’imirire myiza, cyane cyane ku bana n’ababyeyi bonsa.
Shimiyimana yasoje asaba inkunga y’abafatanyabikorwa mu rwego rwo guteza imbere imishinga irimo kongera umusaruro w’ibirayi n’ibijumba no kugabanya ibibazo bihari mu mikorere y’urwego rw’ubuhinzi. Yongeye kwibutsa ko bigomba gushyigikirwa mu mashusho n’inyandiko zigenewe gusangizwa Leta n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa kugira ngo bafatire hamwe ingamba z’iterambere.
Umwanditsi: Alex RUKUNDO
