Bezos yaba ahatanira na Elon Musk kugenzura isanzure?

Ikigo cya Jeff Bezos cyitwa Blue Origin cyabashije kohereza icyogajuru cyacyo gishya, New Glenn, mu kirere ku wa 16 Mutarama 2025. Iki cyogajuru cyahagurukiye ku kibuga cya Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, muri leta ya Florida, muri Amerika.

Iki cyogajuru cyagombaga guhaguruka ku wa mbere tariki ya 13 Mutarama, ariko urugendo rwarasubitswe kubera ikibazo cya tekinike. Icyakora, ikigo cya Jeff Bezos, washinze urubuga rwa Amazon ruzwi mu bucuruzi bwo kuri internet, cyari cyatangaje ko kizasubira kugerageza urugendo rwo kohereza icyogajuru mu kirere.

Iyi ntsinzi ya Blue Origin yaje ikurikira izindi z’ikigo cya SpaceX cy’umuherwe Elon Musk, aho iki kigo giherutse kugarura ku isi igice kinini cyane cy’icyogajuru cyacyo kizwi nka Starship ku nshuro ya mbere.

Nyuma y’imyaka irenga 20 ibi bigo byombi bikora, SpaceX imaze gukora ibidasanzwe mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’icyogajuru mu myaka mike ishize. Ariko se, niba New Glenn kibashije kugera mu kirere nta nkomyi, bizagabanya gute icyuho cy’iterambere hagati ya Blue Origin na SpaceX?

SpaceX na Blue Origin bimaze kugera kuki?

Space X yohereje icyogajuru Falcon 1 mu kirere muri 2008 kandi iki kigo cyagemuriye bwa mbere ibikoresho icyogajuru mpuzamahanga cya International Space Station (ISS) muri 2012. Uyu munsi, SpaceX imaze kohereza ibyogajuru byayo, cyane cyane Falcon 9, inshuro zirenga 400 mu bikorwa birimo gushyira satelite mu kirere, kugemura ibikoresho, no gutwara abakozi bagana ku cyogajuru mpuzamahanga cya ISS.

Ku rundi ruhande, Blue Origin nayo yateye intambwe ishimishije. Yohereje icyogajuru cyacyo kitwa New Shepard mu isanzure rya hafi inshuro 28, icyenda muri zo zarimo abantu. N’ubwo izi ngendo zitarageraga mu bice byo hejuru mu kirere aho ibintu bitangira kuzunguruka isi, ubu icyogajuru gishya cya Blue Origin, New Glenn, cyabashije kugera ku isanzure.

Ibi bigo byombi byatanze ibisubizo bishya mu bijyanye no kugenzura ukuntu ibyogajuru bigaruka ku isi, ndetse no kongera gukoresha ibyuma byongera ingufu. Ibi byatumye amafaranga y’urungendo rwo mu isanzure agabanuka ku buryo burushijeho korohereza abantu bifuza gusura isanzure.

Space X yakoze ibyogajuru binini cyane birimo Falcon Heavy n’icyitwa Starship, gifite ingufu nyinshi kurusha ibyogajuru byose byakozwe mu mateka. Starship imaze kugeragezwa inshuro esheshatu, n’ubwo izindi ngendo zabayemo ibibazo bitewe n’iturika.

Mu kwezi kwa 10 mu mwaka ushize, Space X yanditse amateka aho igice cyo hasi cy’icyogajuru cyacyo cya Starship mu kugaruka ku isi cyahagaze neza ku cyuma gihagararaho, iyo cyoherezwa mu kirere kandi mu kumanuka cyacyiriwe mu kirere n’ibyuma bibiri bimeze nk’ibiganza.

*Igice cy’icyogajuru Starship cyakirirwa mu kirere mu kumanuka*

Icyogajuru New Glenn cya Blue Origin ni kinini cyane kurusha Falcon Heavy ariko ni gito cyane ugereranyije Starship.

Igice cyongerera ingufu New Glenn cyakozwe mu buryo gishobora kongera gukoreshwa.

Kikaba cyitandukanya n’igice cy’icyogajuru gisigaye nyuma yo guhaguruka ku isi. Icyo gice kigarurwa ku bwato bwabugenewe bwitwa Jacklyn, bwahawe izina rya nyina wa Jeff Bezos, bukaba buba buri mu nyanja ya Atlantic.

Igishushanyo kigereranya icyogajuru New Glenn n'ibindi — *Igishushanyo mbonera cyi cyogajuru cya New Glenn n’ibindi*

Blue Origin yishimira intambwe ikomeye mu kohereza ibyogajuru

Ikigo Blue Origin cyari cyatangaje ko kitari kwitega byinshi ku rugendo rwa mbere rwo kohereza icyogajuru cyacyo New Glenn mu kirere, ariko cyemeza ko igihe urugendo rwakorwa neza byaba ari ibintu bishimishije cyane.

Gahunda y’ubukerarugendo mu kirere ya Blue Origin yatumye abagenda mu byogajuru barimo: umusore muto cyane, Oliber Daemen, w’imyaka 18,n’umusaza w’imyaka 90, Ed Dwight, ndetse banabashije kugera ku nkengero z’isanzure. Kuri abo ukongeraho William Shatner wamenyekanye cyane mu kiganiro cyo kuri televiziyo Star Trek ndetse na Bezos ubwe.

Impuguke mu bijyanye n’imyitwarire na politiki y’ubushakashatsi bw’isanzure muri kaminuza ya London School of Economics mu Bwongereza, Dr Jill Stuart agira ati: “Ntawahakana ko SpaceX yateye imbere cyane kandi ko yageze kuri byinshi kurusha Blue Origin“.

Yongeyeho ati: “Uko bimeze kose, guverinoma ya Amerika ishishikajwe nuko habaho uguhatana mu masosiyete menshi…. kubera ko biteza imbere guhanga udushya.”

Kuki aba baherwe bafite za miliyari z’amadolari barimo gushora imali mu isanzure?

*Umusore muto, Oliber Daemen, w’imyaka 18,n’umusaza w’imyaka 90, Ed Dwight, na Bezos ubwe*

Bwana Musk ni umuyobozi wa X (yahoze ari Twitter), Tesla na SpaceX, akaba n’umuntu ukize cyane ku isi.

Avuga ko ikiremwamuntu kigomba kugenzura indi mibumbe ijya kumera nk’isi kugira ngo kitazazimira burundu kandi yavuze kenshi ko asanga abantu bagomba gukoloniza umugabane wa Mars.

Mu kwerekana imigambi ye mu 2016, yagize ati: “Iyo hatabaho umuntu wiyemeje guhindura imyumvire muri uru rwego, byasaga nkaho tutari mu nzira iyo ari yo yose ituma tuba abantu bagamije kwigarurira isanzure.”

Guhera ku itariki ya 1 muri 2025, Forbes yashyize ku rutonde Jeff Bezos washinze ikigo cy’isoko rya interineti Amazon, nk’umuntu wa kabiri mu baherwe ku isi.

Bwana Bezos yeguye ku mirimo ye nk’umuyobozi mukuru wa Amazon mu 2021 kugira ngo yibande cyane kuri Blue Origin.

*SpaceX y’umuherwe Elon Musk isanzwe ifite amasoko menshi y’ikigo cya leta gishinzwe isanzure muri Amerika, Nasa*

Yabanje kuvuga ko afite intego yo “kubaka umuhanda ujya mu kirere kugira ngo abana bacu ndetse n’abana babo bashobore kubaka ejo hazaza,” yongeraho ati: “tugomba kubikora kugira ngo dukemure ibibazo hano ku isi”.

Blue Origin ivuga ko yashinzwe “ifite umugambi w’uko za miliyoni z’abantu bazajya kandi bagakorera mu isanzure mu nyungu z’isi.”

Ariko uku guhatanira kugenzura isanzure by’aba baherwe kwamaganwe na bamwe babifata nko gukoresha nabi amafaranga bakagombye ahubwo ku ya+koresha mu gukemura ibibazo bibangamiye isi nk’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ndetse n’inkingo zidahagije.

Bill Gates, umwe mu bashinze Microsoft, wamaze hafi ubuzima bwe bwose afatwa nk’umuntu ukize kurusha abandi ku isi, yatangarije BBC mu 2023 ati: “Mu byukuri birahenze cyane kujya kuri Mars. Ushobora kugura inkingo z’iseru ukaba warokora ubuzima bw’abantu”.

Yongeyeho ati: “Ibi rero urebye byagatumye uguma ku isi … ntujye kuri Mars.”

Icyogajuru New Glenn kiramutse cyoherejwe neza mu kirere byasobanura iki?

*Kohereza icyogajuru New Glenn cya Blue Origin byari byasubitswe*

Umuyobozi mukuru wa gahunda ya politiki ijyanye n’isanzure muri LSE IDEAS, igice gihurizwamo ibitekerezo muri Kaminuza ya London School of Economics mu Bwongereza, Dr Dimitrios Stroikos, avuga ko New Glenn yoherejwe neza mu kirere yaba “intambwe ikomeye” ku kigo Blue Origin, “bikaba bishobora guhindura imiterere y’ihiganwa riri hagati y’ibigo bikora mu bijyanye n’isanzure.”

Ariko Dr Stroikos avuga ko ubwiganze bwa Bwana Musk “birenze ubushobozi bwo kohereza ibyogajuru mu kirere” binyuze mu rusobekerane rw’imiyoboro ya satelite ya Starlink ya SpaceX itanga interineti yihuse ku isi. Avuga ko ibi biha iki kigo “umwanya wa mbere mu kugera ku ikoranabuhanga no guhuza abantu ku isi”.

Na none, ikindi cy’ingenzi muri ibi nuko atari ukureba gusa ufite ubushobozi bwo kohereza mu kirere icyogajuru kinini cyane kurusha undi, ahubwo ugomba no kureba ushobora kwegukana amasoko ya leta muri uru rwego.

Dr Bleddyn Bowen, umwarimu wungirije mu bumenyi bw’isanzure muri kaminuza ya Durham mu Bwongereza, agaragaza ko “ubushakashatsi bwo mu kirere n’ingendo zo kujyayo bikiganjemo amafaranga ava muri leta” kandi ngo “ibigo byigenga bihatanira cyane amasoko ya Leta”.

*Icyogajuru New Glenn cya Blue Origin kimaze imyaka 10 gikorwa*

Ni iki Musk na Bezos buri wese avuga ku wundi?

Aba baherwe bombi bafitanye amateka yo guhangana hagati yabo mu ruhame.

Nk’urugero, mu 2021, Blue Origin yareze leta ya Amerika ku bijyanye n’isoko rya miliyari 2.9 z’amadolari ryo gukora icyogajuru cya NASA cyo kujya ku kwezi SpaceX ya Mr Musk yapiganwaga na Blue Origin.

Blue Origin yatsinzwe iryo piganwa ariko nyuma igirana amasezerano na leta yo gukora ikindi cyogajuru cyo kujya ku kwezi.

Nyuma y’iki cyemezo, Bwana Musk yashyize ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa X agace ko muri filime “Judge Dredd” munsi yandikaho ngo “waciriwe urubanza”. Yise kandi ku rubuga rwa X isosiyete ya Mr Bezos izina rya “Sue Origin” bisobanuye “Kurega Origin”.

Dr Stuart avuga ko bishoboka ko hashobora kubaho izindi manza mu gihe kiri imbere.

Agira ati: “Abantu nka Elon Musk bakunda kwitwaza ko mu bijyanye n’isanzure umuntu ashobora kwikorera icyo ashatse cyose,” ariko mu byukuri hari ibibazo byinshi by’umutekano ndetse n’ibidukikije bagomba kunyuramo kugira ngo babashe kohereza ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu kirere kiri kure cyane. Hariho uburyo bwinshi bushobora kuvamo imanza.”

*Jeff Bezos yizeye ko ibyogajuru bye bizahangana n’ibya Elon Musk ufite ikigo cya SpaceX*

Vuba aha, hari abibajije icyo umubano wa hafi uri hagati ya Bwana Musk na Donald Trump watorewe kongera kuyobora Amerika ushobora gusobanura ku ruhare rw’amasosiyete yigenga muri gahunda z’isanzure za leta ya Amerika.

Bwana Bezos ariko yabwiye Reuters ko nta mpungenge bimuteye.

Ati: “Elon yasobanuye neza ko ibi abikora ku bw’inyungu rusange kandi atari ku nyungu ze bwite”. “Kandi ibyo mbifata uko nyine”.

Mbere yo kugerageza ku wa mbere kohereza icyogajuru mu kirere, Bwana Musk yifurije Blue Origin “amahirwe menshi ” mu butumwa yanditse ku rukuta rwe rwa X.

Mu gihe Blue Origin ikomeje umuvuduko wo gufata SpaceX.