Abu Mohammed al-Jawlani, n’umukuru w’inyeshamba za HTS zirwanya Perezida al-Assad wa Syria?

Abarwanyi b’umutwe wiyitirira idini ya Islam, Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), ubu ni bo bafite ububasha ku mujyi wa Aleppo – umujyi wa kabiri ukomeye muri Syria – nyuma y’igitero giherutse kuba gitunguranye.

Abandi barwanyi ba HTS bakomeje gusatira umujyi wa Hama uri mu majyepfo ya Aleppo, ndetse banawufashe, ubu bakaba bakomeje gusatira umujyi wa Homs.

Umuyobozi wa HTS, Abu Mohammed al-Jawlani, ashinjwa ibikorwa byo guhohotera uburenganzira bwa muntu.

*Ku wa 27 Ugushyingo (11), ni bwo inyeshyamba zatangije igitero, kandi ubu zimaze kwigarurira uturere tumwe na tumwe*

Hagati aho, kuva mu myaka mike ishize, akomeje kwerekana isura y’umuntu udahuje ibitekerezo byo kugendera hagati imbere y’amahanga, ariko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zikomeje gutanga miliyoni icumi z’amadolari nk’igihembo ku muntu wese watanga amakuru yatuma afatwa.

Al-Jawlani yaje gute?

Abu Mohammed Al-Jawlani ni izina ry’ubutazirano. Izina rye nyakuri hamwe n’imyaka yentiramyekana.

Al-Jawlani yabwiye ikinyamakuru PBS cyo muri Amerika ko izina rye ry’ukuri ari Ahmed al-Sharaa kandi ko ari umunya-Syria ukomoka mu muryango waturutse mu karere ka Golan.

*Bivugwa ko Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi ari we yahaye uruhushya al-Jawlani rwo gutangiza ishami rya IS muri Syria*

Yavuze ko yavukiye i Riyadh, umurwa mukuru wa Arabia Sawudite – aho se yakoraga icyo gihe – hanyuma baza kwimukira i Damas, umurwa mukuru wa Syria.

Ariko, hari andi makuru avuga ko yavukiye i Deir ez-Zor, mu burasirazuba bwa Syria, ndetse hari n’amakuru avuga ko yize ibijyanye n’ubuganga mbere yo kuba umurwanyi w’aba Kisilamu.

Amakuru ya ONU hamwe n’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi avuga ko yavutse hagati y’umwaka wa 1975 na 1979. Igipolisi mpuzamahanga (Interpol) kivuga ko yavutse mu 1979, naho ikinyamakuru As-Safir kivuga ko yavutse mu 1981.

Ubundi Al-Jawlani yashyitse gute ku buyobozi bw’umutwe wiyitirira idini rya Islam?

Bivugwa ko Al-Jawlani yinjiriye mu mutwe w’intagondwa wa al-Qaeda muri Iraq nyuma y’uko mu 2003 ingabo mpuzamahanga ziyobowe na Amerika zateraga iki gihugu.

Iri shyirahamwe ryihutiye guhirika ku butegetsi Perezida Saddam Hussein n’ishyaka rye rya Baath, ariko nyuma ryisanze rihanganye n’imitwe yitwaza intwaro yiyitirira idini ya Islam.

*Inyeshyamba za Syria zirongowe na Hayat Tahrir al-Sham zimaze kwigarurira Aleppo na Hama*

Mu 2010, ingabo za Amerika muri Iraq zafashe Al-Jawlani zimufungira mu kigo cya gisirikare cya Bucca, hafi y’umupaka wa Iraq ihana na Kuwait. Muri icyo kigo, nta gushidikanya, yahahuriye n’abandi barwanyi b’intagondwa biyitirira idini ya Islam, bamwe baje gushinga icyo bise Leta ya Kisilamu (Islamic State/IS), barimo n’umuyobozi wa IS muri Iraq, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi.

Al-Jawlani yabwiye itangazamakuru ko nyuma y’intambara yo kurwanya ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Bashar al-Assad itangiriye muri Syria mu 2011, al-Baghdadi yamushakiye uburyo bwo kujya muri icyo gihugu ngo ahatangize ishami ry’uyu mutwe.

Al-Jawlani yabaye umuyobozi w’inyeshyamba z’umutwe witwaga Nusra Front (cyangwa Jabhat al-Nusra), wari ufite isano mu ibanga na IS.

*Mohammed al-Jawlani yahagaritse ubufatanye bw’umutwe Nusra Front*

Mu 2013, Al-Jawlani yahagaritse ubufatanye bw’umutwe Nusra Front wari ufitanye isano na IS, ahita awushyira mu maboko y’umutwe wa al-Qaeda.

Nyamara, mu 2016, yasohoye ubutumwa bw’amajwi, atangaza ko yatandukanye na al-Qaeda, agaragaza ko Nusra Front yari yihinduriye kuba umutwe wigenga, mu rwego rwo gushimangira uburyo bwo kwiyegereza abaturage bo muri Syria no kwirinda gushyirwa mu gatebo k’imitwe y’iterabwoba ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Mu 2017, Al-Jawlani yatangaje ko abarwanyi be biyunze n’indi mitwe y’inyeshyamba muri Syria kugira ngo bashinge umutwe mushya witwa Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS). Al-Jawlani ni we ukuriye uyu mutwe mu buryo bwuzuye.

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Umwanditsi: Alex RUKUNDO